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What am I noting today?

July 31, 2019

On July 31, 30 BCE, the forces of Cleopatra and Mark Antony narrowly defeated the forces of Octavian in the Battle of Alexandria, Egypt, one of the final battles in the Roman civil war. (Octavian, soon to be Emperor Augustus, quickly won a second assault.)

After the decisive Battle of Actium in Greece, the Roman general Octavian launched an offensive against the combined forces of the rebel Roman General, Marc Antony and the Egyptian Pharaoh Cleopatra in their stronghold in Alexandria.  The Battle of Alexandria, initially a victory for Cleopatra, ultimately resulted in Octavian annexing Egypt as a Roman province.  Cleopatra was the last reigning pharaoh.

(This is all from National Geographic)

Related image

Cleopatra by John William Waterhouse

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